![]() Thalassemia: Disease in which RBC shape is abnormal due to which it breaks down prematurely.Malaria: Disease caused by a parasite called plasmodium (with species like vivax, ovale, malariae, and falciparum), and transmitted by mosquitoes.There are many conditions which cause prehepatic scleral icterus. In this condition, the RBC’s break down more frequently than normal leading to the accumulation of unconjugated bilirubin in the blood, leading to scleral icterus and jaundice. The sclera icterus and yellowishness of the skin together are called Jaundice, which is very popularly known amongst the people. This excess bilirubin in the blood also gets deposited in the skin, leading to yellowishness and itching of the skin. Then this pigment gets deposited in the sclera and conjunctiva of the eyes, leading to their yellowishness. If there is any impairment in this mechanism of normal bilirubin and bile metabolism due to any disease, bilirubin pigment gets accumulated in the blood. See also Itchy tear duct: 8 Causes, Symptoms, 7 Home remedies Bile pigments make our urine and stool look yellowish. Then the bile is reabsorbed into the blood and then it also reaches the kidneys and is excreted through the urine and also through the stool or feces. This bile is released into the intestines to help with the digestion of the food. Conjugated bilirubin is water soluble, and it is secreted by the liver into the bile. Unconjugated bilirubin is water-insoluble, and it is carried by albumin in the blood. This unconjugated bilirubin goes to the liver, where the liver converts the unconjugated bilirubin to a product called conjugated bilirubin. This form of bilirubin produced by breaking down of RBC’s id called unconjugated bilirubin. When the red blood cells become old and break down, the hemoglobin is metabolized and develops into bilirubin. We all know that hemoglobin is a part of the red blood cells. Let us first try to understand the pigment called bilirubin.īilirubin is a byproduct of hemoglobin metabolism. All these types of scleral icterus are divided based on the liver, and the pathophysiology or mechanism of developing the disease in relation to the liver.
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